The Purpose of Higher Education

The Purpose of Higher Education Higher education is important because it aids students into finding self-awareness. Self-awareness is especially important because when people have a better understanding of themselves, they are often encouraged to build on their areas of strength, as well as identifying the areas that could use improvement. Self-awareness often leads to setting goals. Setting goals can lead to success. In other words, higher education is very beneficial and helps lead to success.Education will positively affect most, if not all areas of your life. The purpose of higher education is to prepare students for a more successful future, to allow students to have more opportunities in life through a liberal education, and to instruct students on how to think more critically. What is self-awareness and why should I care? Self-awareness is the ability to perceive your own personality, feelings, character, strengths, weaknesses, thoughts, motivations etc. Why should you care ab out being self-aware?Self-awareness is beneficial, and the words of Brett Blumenthal, a former college student and a bestselling author who has been featured in The New York Times, â€Å"It makes us better people. † Blumenthal lists reasons why self-awareness is important, including increased empathy, admission, acceptance, tolerance level, humility, and likeability. {sheerbalance. com} These traits will not only help you gain success in education and careers, but also aid in being a better person in general. Self-awareness is more often than not taught through higher education.Higher education prepares students for a successful future. Ultimately, success is achieving popularity, profit, or uniqueness. In other words, being successful means that you are content with your life choices. If you are not content with your life choices, then you are usually not as happy as you could potentially be. Success is most likely featured on any motivated person’s list of goals. Pre paration for a more successful future is an ideal purpose of higher education. Without that preparation, students lack the knowledge of knowing what steps to take next in their life.Having a higher liberal education opens individuals up to more opportunities in their life. According to The Association of American Colleges and Universities, the leading national association concerned with the quality, vitality, and public standing of undergraduate liberal education, a liberal education is â€Å"an approach to learning that empowers individuals and prepares them to deal with complexity, diversity, and change. It provides students with broad knowledge of the wider world (e. g. cience, culture, and society) as well as in-depth study in a specific area of interest. A liberal education helps students develop a sense of social responsibility, as well as strong and transferable intellectual and practical skills such as communication, analytical and problem-solving skills, and a demonstrated ability to apply knowledge and skills in real-world settings. † {The Association of American Colleges and Universities, AAC&U} Some jobs even require that all considered applicants have at least an associate’s degree.Another great purpose for higher education is obtaining a liberal education. â€Å"Those more educated now tend to be significantly less religious; those more religious tend to be significantly less educated,† says Os Guinness in Fit Bodies Fat Minds. On the contrary, the more educated tend to have broader minds, where as the more religious tend to have closed minds. It is not a matter of who has more or less education, but a matter of who has the ability to be able to think critically.Critical thinking is mandatory in receiving an education. â€Å"Critical thinking is the ability to apply reasoning and logic to new or unfamiliar ideas, opinions, and situations. † {wisegeek. org} In other words, critical thinking is abstract thinking. Why is that important? Critical thinking is important because it creates a higher level of analysis and concentration. When someone is critically thinking, they are more engaged and focused than someone who is not critically thinking.Critically thinking enables broad thinking and avoids sticking to obvious explanations or reasoning. Conclusively, critical thinking is respected and looked up to by many individuals for different reasons, making learning this trait a purpose for higher education. The purpose of higher education varies for everybody. Sometimes people get a higher education for more opportunities, for the sake of self-improvement, or because they are interested in learning and excelling in a specific profession.These three purposes are some of the most important because they do not only affect you in the classroom, but they also benefit you at home, work, or while collaborating with others. Some of the most important purposes of higher education is to prepare students for a mor e successful future, to allow students to have more opportunities in life through a liberal education, and to instruct students on how to think more critically. Higher education should be considered essential to all.

The Evolution of Democracy from Jefferson to Jackson

Questions Jeffersonian Democracy Jackson Democracy political He believed men should meet He believed that all white men To what extent was universal property requirements to have should be able to vote. White manhood suffrage suffrage. Achieved? What citizens were considered The elite should be the only Jackson believed that eligible for office holding? Ones ruling. Everyone should be able to rule. Believed in a rotation for offices. How were candidates for Groups of the elite class Nominating conventions made president chosen? Gathered to nominate nominations. Candidates. EconomicSaw the yeoman farmer as the Saw farmers and laborers as In what way did Jackson chosen class. The chosen class. Expand the concept of the â€Å"chosen class† How did each man view Thought that industrialization Recognized that it was industrialized? Would lead to a too powerful essential to the economy. Government. How did each the Charles Corporate charters were given Anyone willing to risk startin g River Bridge vs.. Warren to powerful, ruling, elite. A business should be able to Bridge decisions affect the Often made a monopoly. Get a charter. Monopolies are access to corporate charters unconstitutional. Reverent in Jefferson time? What was each man's attitude Believed that the bank was Thought the bank was toward the Bank of the United giving too much power to the unconstitutional and creating States? Elite. An unequal playing field in favor of the elite. Social Thought that slavery was evil He was not interested in What was each man's attitude but was not ready to give his freeing slaves. Towards slavery? Own up. What was each man's attitude Did not see them as equals, Same, but actually toward equality for women favored Indian Removal. Implemented Native ND Native Americans?

THE LAW OF PROPERTY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

THE LAW OF PROPERTY - Essay Example Further, he also cannot act independent of the landlord, in any matter connected with the tenancy. All his rights and obligations stem from his contractual agreement with the landlord, which could be terminated by either party, by giving suitable notice as determined by the agreement. There are certain characteristics of licences, which are as follows: 1. Cancellation of the Licence. The cancellation of a licence is always possible, as was seen in the decided case law of Wood v Lead bitter (1845). The facts were that the plaintiff, A, brought a case of alleged assault against the defendant. The plaintiff was in Doncaster Race course with a ticket. He was asked to move out but he did not, and challenged the cancellation of his licence. It was held that â€Å"licence by A to hunt in his park, whether given by deed or by parole, is revocable; it merely renders the act of hunting lawful, which, without the licence, would have been unlawful." 2. The heirs or succeeding parties in the contract of licence would not be bound by the licence: this was seen in the decided case law- King V David Allen & Sons (bill Posting) Ltd. (1916). In this case, the plaintiff, David Allen was under contract with King’s to stick billposters on the walls of the theatre. Later, however, the ownership of King changed hands, and it was held that the right of David Allen, being a ‘personal’ right and not a ‘real’ right, could not be enforced against the succeeding Company. (Property law summary). In another case law, Clore V Theatrical Properties Ltd. (1936), the licensor A, was denied permission to sell drinks in the theatre, formerly run by D. The new owner C, refused to validate the licence given by D to A. Held, the court upheld C’s contention, and the only remedy for A was to seek redressal from D, who had assigned the licence to A.

How does the internet affect the international strategy Use Porter's 5 Essay

How does the internet affect the international strategy Use Porter's 5 Forces and tell how internet shape and change the busine - Essay Example Most companies in the modern business environment have executed some or the other form of Internet machinery into their business operations. While some enterprises faced a major conversion when emerging into an e-business function, others may have enjoyed an edge of this technology before the use of the Internet became pervasive to the present extent. (Kotler, 1997; Rainer, 2009) Internet creates economic value for business either by creating new industries such as online auctions and digital marketplaces, or by reconfiguring existing industries through reduced communication costs, easier transactions and faster information dissemination. Though catalogue retailers and toll free numbers have been always there, the internet provides a more efficient mode to order products and services. For instance, distance learning has been prevalent in the education sector for decades with almost a million students enrolling annually for various correspondence courses. But a modified and improvised version of distance learning is E-College. It is a full-service provider that works in collaboration with many universities and publishes their courses over the internet and operates the delivery network for a fee. The profitability of a business is influenced by the internet based on two main factors- industry structure and competitive advantage. While the former determines the profitability of an average competitor, the latter imparts the capacity to outperform an average competitor. (Castells, 2003; Chadwick, 2009) In today’s rapid pace of technological change in business environment, industrial analysis becomes all the more important. The structural attractiveness of an industry, whether old or new, is governed by five forces of competition. These forces, alternately known as Porter’s Five Forces, are existing rivalry among competitors, threat of substitutes, barriers to new entrants, bargaining power of suppliers and bargaining power of buyers. Though the nature of the five forces varies across industries, the profitability of an enterprise still depends of these. Due to the variable nature of the five forces, it is difficult to draw any general conclusion about the impact of the internet o business environment. But some dominant trends can be inferred through an inspection of a wide range of industries where the internet plays a vital role. Most of the industries show a positive trend owing to the expansion of markets, improved position compared to rivals and new channels to reach out to customers. (Porter, 1979; 2008; Karagiannopoulos, 2005) However some negative impacts of internet on businesses have also been in picture. It enables the buyers to have an easy access to information about products and services, thus strengthening their bargaining power. It helps in growth of new substitutes due to birth of new approaches to meets costumers’ needs. By reducing the need for an established sales force or affiliation to existing channel s, it removes barriers to entry. It dissolves geographical borders and expands the geographical market, bringing more companies into competition with each other. The increase in fixed costs, accompanying the favourable decline in variable costs, leads to the promotion of destructive price competition amongst the existing industry rivals. (Seybold, 1998; Angell, 1994) The inherent paradox is that the benefits offered by the internet expand the market through reduced operational costs, enhanced

Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Finance - Essay Example (Annecy, n.d. Annecy Bid 2018.) Ticket sales are the highest in Pyeongchang. After that comes Munich. The difference between Munich projection and Pyeongchang projection has reached the point of $56.122 million dollars. Sponsorship includes TDP and Local Sponsorship. He highest sum of money goes for Annecy. This company is known to contribute up to $940.673 million into sponsorship. A second company in the list is Munich Company. It was estimated that the overall income of this company has reached the point of $762.340 million dollars. Consequently, if to review this company in terms of sponsorship, Annecy can be regarded as the most favorable contestants for Olympics. ( Munich, n.d. Munich Olympic Bid 2018) Third criterion to be viewed in this paper is licensing. When to review companies from the point of view of licensing, I can definitely say that the most â€Å"earning† city in the list is Annecy. This city is able to give the revenue from licensing which totals $51.15 million dollars. A second company in the list is Pyeonchang. This company earns as much as $43.6 million dollars. Consequently, a conclusion can be made that in terms of licensing and in terms of revenue potential Annecy occupies the first place in the list. On the basis of the analysis above we would conclude that Annecy is able to project the highest revenue which totaled to $2,049.750 million dollars. Therefore, we can consider Annecy as the most suitable candidate for hosting the Olympics. (Munich, n.d. Munich Olympic Bid 2018) The expenditure table indicates that the total expenditures projected by Annecy are on the higher side and the expenditures of Munich are on the lower side. The only minus is a relatively high amount of money needed to finance workforce in Annecy. Here the expenses on the work force proved to be higher as compared to the other cities. The expenses incurred by Annecy are higher than then of Munich what

Explained on the attachment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Explained on the attachment - Assignment Example Employee motivation is key in influencing employee behavior. Mainly emphasizes on intuition and understanding. People are viewed as independent from environmental influences. On the contrary, the theory portrays people’s ability to determine the condition of the environment. A psychological approach that focuses on personal development for example through learning. Individuals are seen as seeking self-actualization through adequate learning and are able to actively control the learning activities independently. Puts emphasis on learning by observation of other people. Therefore, individuals learn from others in their environment. Role models are imperative in this case because they influence the behavior of those who look up to them. The theory stipulates that learning is context-dependent. This means that after learning, people make their own conclusions on over what was learned and develop personal meaning of the knowledge gained. It is an unstructured learning procedure that has recently been adapted by professionals. In this case, what is learnt by the workers is related to the work they do and not to other planned learning materials or procedures. Workers in organizational settings are able to learn informally through the daily activities they carry out. They can also learn from each other. Therefore, structured or planned training programs are not the only solutions to employee learning

Corporate law Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Corporate law - Coursework Example The announcement confronted disparate reactions. Some applauded the government's plans, while others stringently opposed them, questioning the very need for the adoption of a corporate manslaughter bill. A third group maintained the exigencies of designing and passing into legislature a corporate manslaughter bill but voiced doubt over the proposed bill's capacity to address the problem. The imperatives of bestowing legal recognition upon corporate manslaughter, on holding corporate entities criminally liable for acts/cases of unintentional manslaughter, and the capacity of the proposed bill to effectively address the defined problem, comprise some of the dissertation's core concerns. Since the 1980s many companies in the U.K. ... 1.1 Research Background Since the 1980s many companies in the U.K. have been exposed to charges of corporate manslaughter - many disasters and incidents of death involving corporations such as Piper Alpha explosion, Hillsborough Stadium disaster, the capsize of the Herald of Free Enterprise etc., which were initially deemed and labelled as tragic 'accidents,' at the most attributable to the unlawful action of individuals, were later proved to be more a result of corporate malfeasance than individual offence.1 But, for various reasons including the absence of an appropriate law for tackling the offence; the application of flawed criminal law doctrines, ill-suited to corporate criminality; the absence of judicial and political commitment etc, in almost all the major cases, the criminal charges against the corporations failed at the prosecution stage itself. Beyond effective social and legal control, large and powerful corporations continue to inflict severe harm to society through negligent and/or reckless la w breaking. The rising public consternation about the consequences of corporate negligence and the persistent call for appropriate criminal justice intervention for effectively tackling corporate malfeasance has received significant impetus from the government during the past decade, as new and more effective steps for prosecuting companies are explored - the introduction of the new and separate offence of "corporate killing" and the introduction of draft Corporate Manslaughter Bill in 2005 may be considered as major steps in this direction. Nonetheless, the lack of urgency demonstrated by the British Government in enacting into law the 'corporate killing' offence is appalling - first

The General Theory of Employment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The General Theory of Employment - Essay Example His definition of involuntary unemployment, based on response to an increase in aggregate demand led to his definition that full employment is "a situation in which aggregate employment is inelastic in response to an increase in effective demand for its output." (Chapter 3) In Keynesian theory capitalism has no machinery to guarantee full employment. Keynes assumes that when aggregate demand is outweighed by aggregate supply then output will serve as the self-adjusting mechanism. (Furstater, 2001, p. 4) There is "no self-adjusting mechanism which generates a level of effective or aggregate demand sufficient to ensure the full utilization of resources." (Pilling, 1986, p.5) This creates an environment where the possibility of unemployment always exists. This conclusion is repeated by Furstater (p. 10) who states that "capitalism is first and foremost a system that does not provide employment for every person willing and able to work." According to Keynes the level of employment is directly related to the level of output which fluctuates based upon the level of effective demand. The two key components of effective demand are consumption and investment. Consumption refers to the money spent by individuals on consumer goods. As income increases so does our demand for consumer goods, though not quite as much as our income, due to increased taxes and the possibility of our putting the money away in savings, and Keynes referred to this as the marginal propensity to consume. He developed an equation which expressed how much extra will be consumed with the each additional unit of additional income: Marginal propensity to consume= The amount consumption rises The amount income rises mpc (marginal propensity to consume) =dCw dYw (Rodda, p. 2) If savings are increased too much there is a chance that consumption will drop, leading to decreases in income. Keynes believed that if incomes rose the marginal propensity to consume would drop. "When income rose beyond a point where a level of sufficient comfort had been attained, marginal consumption would fall as a greater portion of income is saved." (p. 3) Investment refers to money spent by enterprises on investment goods. "Investment spendingis driven by expectations of future profits." (Taylor, 8) Profits are the revenue that remains after subtracting costs. So investment is based on projected revenue based on expectations of future costs. Whereas consumer spending is fairly predictable, investment spending is volatile. This led Keynes to note that economic downturns were due in part to "the uncontrollable and disobedient psychology of the business world." (Chapter 22) Output is made up of consumer goods and investment goods. The levels of consumption and investment directly affect the level of output. Any fluctuation in the level of effective demand directly, by affecting output levels, affects employment, with a fixed money wage. It must be remembered that the money generated by production is subject to three leakages: taxes,

Legal requirements and potential issues associated with HIV positive Essay

Legal requirements and potential issues associated with HIV positive workers - Essay Example Thus under this law, persons with HIV or AIDS are safeguarded from discrimination on the basis of their condition (U.S department of Health & Human Services Office for Civil Rights, 2014). 2. Relevance and importance: Well supported explanation of how and why this legal issue is important for you and your colleagues as current or future managers? The relevance of these laws is the fact that they assure equal opportunity for persons with disabilities in public accommodations, employment, transportation, local and state government services as well as telecommunications. Normally, discrimination takes place when an entity leaves out a person with HIV from taking part in a service or disallows a person a benefit. Instances of discriminatory acts toward persons with HIV/AIDS comprise of refusing access to medical treatment and/or social services or having treatment and/or services deferred for the sole reason of one having HIV/AIDS(Webber,2007). Thus, if the person with HIV fulfils the necessary eligibility needs for the benefit or service, the entity may be needed to make a rational accommodation to facilitate the person to take part. These laws are crucial in that it is unlawful to discriminate against individuals having or are believed to be having HIV/AIDS in regard to; employment, rental, acquisition or sale of apartment, real estate, or house, public accommodation places (theaters, restaurants etc), health care, home repairs, legal services or other various services available to the public generally, application of a credit card or loan, or other credit transactions as well as particular transactions in insurance. On the other hand, employers are obligated to offer and sustain a discrimination-free working place, in addition to ensuring that those with HIV face no intimidation or harassment. It is actually the responsibility of everyone to not only know and understand

Proposal for PHD in business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Proposal for PHD in business - Essay Example In case the cash invested results in wealth creation but by an amount less than the cash invested and the resources used, society is poorer to the extent of the loss, as the borrower must repay the debt by compensating for the loss out of existing wealth owned or acquired by him/her. The same applies to cases in which invested cash is totally lost, no wealth creation having taken place. In both cases a redistribution of wealth in favor of the creditors is involved" (Siddiqi, 2007). This paper is an examination of actual investment has increased in the past few years that the tawarruq system is in place. Investment is one the path through which wealth creation can occur. We expect the tawarruq system to aid business process and investment so as to further improve the economy. Other variables that may be affected in the process are interest rates, exchange rates, consumption and bank's profitability. The three are macroeconomic variables while the last is a microeconomic variables. We particularly desire that people do not owe money for consumption purposes alone but for investment. The research will commence with the review of related literature. ... B. Research Questions a. What is the tawarruq system's impact on Saudi Arabia's over-all level of investment b. What is the tawarruq system's impact on Saudi Arabia's over-all level of consumption c. What is the effect of the tawarruq system on Saudi Arabia's interest rates d. What is the effect of the tawarruq system on Saudi Arabia's exchange rate e. What is the impact of the tawarruq system on banks' profitability C. Methods and Procedures The research will commence with the review of related literature. This is where we identify the gaps in the study that need to be filled. The literature review will also provide us a knowledge of the depth of current and previous researches on the topic. The review will also include desk research of recent news about the conduct of the business and the related figures. Data mining for the necessary figures will follow. We will particularly mine the data for the over-all tawarruq level of lending (the amount of lending per year) for the last 10 years, the figures for investment, consumption, interest rate and exchange rate for the last 10 years. To establish the relationship between these variables, we will use simple regression of the time series analysis. An econometric software, Eviews 4 will be particularly used to test the relationship. The possible outcomes are significant or not significant and whether the direction is positive or negative. D. Goals and Objectives This paper wishes to trace the practice of the tawarruq lending system in Saudi Arabia and its impact on wealth creation primarily the investment variable. Lending is a path to consumption or investment and it is said to create wealth if it goes to the latter. In this paper we particularly examine

Consultant Recommendations World Cup Brazil 2014 Essay Example for Free

Consultant Recommendations World Cup Brazil 2014 Essay Introduction: Sport tourism is a significant part of the tourism industry, which has a remarkable impact on many aspects to the hosting region of the event. The Olympic games and the world cup have a long history since the Roman Empire, however; those mega events have established new developments in which they have improved the tourism industry depending on their geography. This paper will analyze the World Cup event that will be held in Brazil this year and will illustrate it’s Strength, weaknesses, Opportunities, and threats in order to conclude a beneficial recommendations that can make the country having a successful event. Overview: Brazil is the largest country in South America; the population is approximately 200,000,000 people with a tropical climate. The country is culturally rich and well known of their passion to Football as thy won the World Cup 5 times in their history. Strengths: Brazil’s economy is booming and the money that is been generated is being invested in infrastructure and projects for the future. Airports are being improved, roads are being built and public transportation expanded. New hotels are being constructed and more and more people are being employed and trained to handle the influx of tourists in the coming years. Moreover, beside the wealth in culture Brazil can offer to its tourist a magnificent natural beauty starting from the Amazon jungle, Amazon River, and many other tropical rainforests, which exposes a variety of animal species. Moreover, it also offers white sand beaches and bays that line the cost. As a result, tourists who will visit the region to watch the  World Cup will have the opportunity to explore the other aspects of the country that will enhance their experience and promote the destination even after the sport events. Weaknesses: According to FIFA president Sepp Blatter, the country was provided with 7 years preparation for the World Cup, which considered the longest period provided to a country to prepare for the event. Yet, it also considered the poorest preparation according to Sepp. (Rumsby, B. 2014). He views the preparation as less efficient than the South Africa preparation in 2010 that made their revenues from scratch. The infrastructure and the public transport system in the country are not in a high standard in most areas. Another major concern to the government of Brazil and the tourist around the world, who want to attend the events, is the high crime rate in the category of robbery, rape, fraud, and residential thefts. â€Å"There is significant and sustained organized criminal activity throughout Brazil, especially in major cities†(Brazil Crime and Safety Report, 2013). Poverty also is a major derive for crime and the increase of drug addicts in Brazil. The weaknesses could be summarized into the slow preparation (building stadiums), infrastructure, crime rate, and poverty. Opportunities: Besides the 2014 FIFA World Cup, Brazil will also host the 2016 Summer Olympic Games. These sport events will bring countless tourism opportunities to Brazil. According to Whether it be a construction project for the Olympic facilities, or a business that benefits indirectly, such as a hotel or a property located nearby, these major sport events will offer opportunities for almost every type of entrepreneur and investor to make a healthy return (Brazil. Land of the Future, Para 2). Brazil will spend money to developing infrastructure, health centers, transportation facilities and other aspects of hospitality. An increasing number of tourists will be attracted by the World Cup and come to Brazil to travel. Therefore, the World Cup in Brazil is creating a huge number of jobs in the tourism industry, because it requires a large number of volunteers and workers to help the World cup succeed. More tourists also can develop  the economic of Brazil and increase the income for workers. The World Cup can attract much investment to Brazil that can help the business opportunities. â€Å"It is estimated that the world cup in 2014 will generate more than R$ 140bi to the Brazilian economy, between direct and indirect investments. (Global Intelligence Alliance, Para 4). That means these investments from foreign investors can help the economic growth of Brazil. Threats: In Brazil people demonstrated their anger by having a mass protest in different cities complaining about the high cost of living, low quality of education, and the high-cost of transportation (CNN, 2013, para.8). Riots in Brazil raises fear of transporting the event to the United Stated for security manner. There are many Brazilian supporters to the event to be established in their country. On the other hand, some opposition arises and took the world media coverage as an advantage to raise their concerns about the million of dollars being spent on the cup instead of investing it on health, education, transportation, and housing. According to BBC news there was 2,500 people in Sao Paulo who went to the streets and complained about the cost of staging the World Cup in Brazil (BBC NEWS, 2014). Recommendation: In conclusion, tourism industry during sports events is mainly shaped by economic, infrastructure, mega-structure, and political components. They could have either positive and/or negative outcomes contingent on the location. Tourism illiteracy should be eradicated by raising awareness of the benefits of the revenue of tourism. It may take time and effort to educate the people about the tourism impact on their daily life, but the success of delivering the message is worthy due to its future benefits. Brazil is not the first country who had riots before a sport event, it happened before in London before the Olympics games, and the managed to have a successful event(Duarte, F. 2013). We highly recommend the authority and people in Brazil to move forward with their event hosting plan and not stop in the halfway of making an event that will print a positive impact about Brazil to the rest of the world. References Montague, J. (Jul19, 2013). CNN. World Cup only benefits outsiders, say Brazil protesters, Retrieved from: http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/18/world/americas/brazil-protests-montague/index.html Rumsby, B. (Jan 06, 2014). World Cup 2014: No country has ever been so far behind in preparations as Brazil, says Sepp Blatter. Retrieved from: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10553002/World-Cup-2014-No-country-has-ever-been-so-far-behind-in-preparations-as-Brazil-says-Sepp-Blatter.html Ford, P. D. (2014). OSAC. Brazil 2013 Crime and Safety Report: Rio de Janeiro. Retrieved from: https://www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=13966 Whibley, J. (August 13, 2013). Brazil Expects World Cup to Bring R$25b. Retrieved from: http://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/rio-business/brazil-expects-world-cup-to-bring-r25-billion/# Duarte, F. (Jul 04, 2013). Futebol Brasil. Deal with it: Brazil will host the World Cup. Retrieved from: http://espnfc.com/blog/_/name/futebolbrasil/id/317?c c=5901 Brazil. Land of the Future, 2014. Retrieved from: http://www.brazil-future.com/home/2014-brazil-fifa-world-cup-and-the-2016-rio- olympic-games/ Global Intelligence Alliance. 2014 World Cup Opportunities Beckon Foreign Investors to Brazil, 2014. Retrieved from: http://www.globalintelligence.com/ insights/all/2014-world-cup-opportunities-beck on-foreign-investors-to-brazil

Super Size Me: Film Report

Super Size Me: Film Report Chapter I: Introduction Morgan Spurlock the director of Super Size Me went on a daring adventure to test whether the claims made by two overweight/obese teenagers was true. Two teenagers claimed that they had received their condition as a result from the McDonalds Cooperation by eating their fast food. Seeing how McDonalds is the most populous fast food restaurant in the world. Many Americans do indeed follow a fast food diet but are unaware of the exact health results. Since America is growing in the percentage of overweight/ obese people in America there should be some data on what fast food restaurants have in this issue. Obesity has become a major health problem in the United States; with over 60% of adult Americans beingobese. Obesity can lead to an array of other diseases, an increased risk of illness and premature death. Chapter II: Review of Literature The documentary, Super Size Me, was not only created to show the harmful effects of eating fast food, namely McDonalds. Morgan created the film to show that fast food has become a fixture in our countrys culture. I learned the ongoing and fast rate obesity is growing. Diabetes is also playing a key role as well as psychological changes and side effects that can result from a high fatty diet. Marketing campaigns by fast food markets are stronger and louder than healthy eatingmessages. Being obese has now become the second largest preventable cause of death falling behind cigarette users. Each day, one in four Americans visits a fast food restaurant. This figure shows how the fast food market has really taken a grasp on American lifestyles with eating. With McDonalds making up of 43 percent of the fast food market today and shelling out more money in advertising alone compared to health food ads, its easy to see how the convenience of fast food has taken apart of Americans â€Å"culture†. In general, children and adolescents are eating more food away from home, drinking more sugar-sweetened drinks, and snacking on food that cost generally less than their healthy counterparts. Convenience has become one of the main criteria for Americans food choices today, leading more and more people to consume quick service or restaurant meals or to buy ready-to-eat, meals to prepare at home rather than the ordinary home-style cooking by the mother due to the fact that this requires far more work. Only 21 percent of young people eat the recommended five or more servings of fruits and vegetables each day. 32 percent of adolescent girls and 52 percent of adolescent boys consume three or more eight ounce servings of soda per day. And with, schools currently decreasing the amount of free play and physical activity that children receive during school hours this does not add up to a particularly healthy lifestyle. Only about one-third of elementary children have daily physical education, in which this time of life can set the tone on how children will lead their lives as they later grow up into adolescents. Spurlock goes on to show how our nation is becoming morbidly obese and the fast rate it is growing just by fast food in itself. In the United States alone it has reached epidemic proportions. Being overweight during childhood and adolescence increases the risk of developing high cholesterol, hypertension, respiratory ailments, orthopedic problems, depression and type two diabetes as a youth. With over 60 percent of adult Americans beingobese side effects can result from this, hypertensionbeing one of the most common side effects of obesity. Another complication associated with obesity is diabetes, with 15 million people alone in the United States being diabetic; approximately 10 percent are juvenile onset diabetics. The other 90 percent of diabetics are type two diabetics, commonly known as adult onset. Those who develop adult onset diabetes generally are diagnosed in their middle years, between 30 to 60 years old. This type of diabetes is almost always associated with obesity. The m ajority ofobeseindividuals with diabetes can reduce their complications by losing as little as 10 percent of their current body weight. Just being diagnosed with diabetes will automatically cut 17-27 years off a human life. Overweight in children and adolescents are generally caused by a lack of physical activity, unhealthy eating patterns resulting in excess energy intake, or a combination of the two. If people were to look at the long-term consequences, overweight adolescents have a 70 percent chance of becoming overweight or obese adults, which increases to 80 percent if one or more parent is overweight or obese. Within the documentary, Spurlock seems to contract the beginning stages of a severe condition calledsleep apnea. For people with this problem, it becomes more difficult to breathe at night as their weight increases. People with this condition typically snore severely and have episodes when they stop breathing completely, sometimes for up to one minute at a time. Sleep apnea although not as well known of a complication is still quite serious, and in many cases requires medical attention. The best method of treatment for any of the above side effects is weight loss. In 2000, the total cost of obesity for children and adults in the United States was estimated to be $117 billion ($61 billion in direct medical costs). Understanding the causes of childhood obesity can provide people with the opportunity of eating right and staying healthy. Chapter III: Methodology Before undertaking the experiment of living every childs dream by eating McDonalds for thirty days, procedures needed to be taken to ensure that data would be accurately recorded and that Spurlock would be obtaining the most accurate results possible. He must eat one of everything on the menu at least once, and when asked to super size his meal he must do so. Another requirement of Morgans experiment is that he can only take 5,000 steps a day to replicate the exercise that most average Americans get on a daily basis. He must also eat three meals a day, no exceptions and if McDonalds doesnt serve it Morgan cant eat it. To start, Morgan enlists three doctors to assist him through his thirty day documentary. A cardiologist, gastroenterologist, and a general practitioner all check him out at the beginning of the experiment. Spurlock, who stands six feet two inches tall, had a body weight of 185.5pounds, 11 percent body fat, perfect blood pressure, and cholesterol of 168, Morgan sported a very fit body before undergoing the McDiet. This is about as perfect of a body that someone can sport at the age of 32. Morgan also hires a nutritionist and dietician named Bridgett Bennet who will help track his progress. With the hypothesis of what results that may be seen from this diet, the cardiologist says that he expects to see a change in Morgans triglycerides, but he says that his liver will probably be able to metabolize the excess fat. The general practitioner says that Morgan will probably gain weight and that his cholesterol will probably go up as well. In my own personal opinion, an experiment I would use as a follow-up to Spurlocks would be a test to show more of a long term effect on eating at McDonalds. If I was a scientist and was studying the effects of eating fast-food, one way I would go about running this experiment would be to find two men of common age, height, weight, and healthy eating habits. Then I would have one of these men continue with their healthy eating, while the other man has McDonalds at least twice a week. The man who continued eating healthy would help provide a control for the experiment that Spurlock lacked. Even extending the period of the experiment to maybe two to three years will provide a more realistic view of the effects on McDonalds in a diet then an unrealistic every day and every meal experiment. Whether there would be a huge difference in the two men or none at all, I have no idea but I think that it would be a way to increase the validity of the lab that Spurlocks experiment lacked. Chapter IV: Presentation of Findings Even during the first few days of the McDonalds diet, Spurlock was showing signs of being visibly uncomfortable. One afternoon eating in his car after stopping at a drive-through, he was havingtrouble finishing his supersize fries, complaining that he was experiencing a McBelly ache, McGas, and McSweats. The results in the 30 day McDonalds diet is that there was change to the human body caused by fast food was in fact much worse than the three doctors had originally anticipated that occurred to his body after undertaking this experiment. Before, Spurlock was in taking about 2,500 calories per day, but when undergoing the McDiet, the calorie intake doubled to 5,000 per day. Morgan frequently pointed out that throughout his day, he felt depressed and sad, during his thirty day McDonalds diet. Spurlock claims he was hooked on fast food during his binge, feeling happy only while eating. I definitely went through serious withdrawal symptoms, including headaches, sweats, and shakes, and only when he ate another McDonalds meal did he find sanction from these symptoms. Over time Morgans weight dramatically increases, his health weakens and he begins to show signs of depression. Morgan at six foot two inches, 185 pounds, and 11 percent body fat was fit and lean at the start the month. After 30 days Morgan has gained 24.5 pounds and increased his body fat by seven percent, concluding that such an extreme diet really can be hazardous to your health. His cholesterol goes up, and so does his blood pressure. His doctor describes his liver function test results as obscene. His liver test came back to ratify the doctors conclusion, that his liver was starting to turn to fat. His cholesterol went from 168 to 230.He went from 11 percent body fat to 18 percent body fat. This was extreme for just thirty days. During his various checkups throughout the month, his body weight slowly increased except for one exception when one pound was lost. This is theorized that the excess fat he was obtaining was weighing less than the muscle mass that was being lost.The movi e presented some alarming facts.With only seven items on the McDonalds menu were sugar free along with the case that McDonalds can be found in nearly every city across America, this doesnt help the cause of the growing obesity pandemic in America. Chapter V: Summary/Implication/Discussion What else is there to be expected if you are eating fast food three times a day and getting little to no exercise? Since Spurlocks documentary Super Size Me argues that fast food is addictive but not in the typical way that someone would find it. It was only addictive in the case of finding a haven from the various side effects of not consuming fast food. Throughout the course of the documentary Spurlock uses humor to advance his thesis. He shows pictures of famous personalities to kids who look to be about six years in age. The children readily identify Ronald McDonald and George Washington but are stumped by a third picture. George W. Bush? one little boy ventures, No, but thats a good guess, says Spurlock, turning the picture toward the camera. Its a drawing of Jesus Christ. How does this help further prove that children are on a course of obesity just because they can identify the leading fast food figure? Its not the kids to blame that Ronald McDonald spends a great deal of time on commercials of children television commercials than Jesus himself does. As with Spurlocks exercise in extreme eating, Im not sure what that proves. The fact that kids know who Ronald McDonald is does not mean they will end up becoming obese. Similarly, Spurlock asks a group of tourists to stand in front of the White House and recite the Pledge of Allegiance, which they have trouble doing accurately and in unison. But when he asks about the components of a Big Mac, one of them wattles off, Two all-beef patties special sauce lettuce cheese pickles onions on a sesame seed bun. Im sure that if I went on to remember the list of what a Big Mac consists of, I can still avoid eating one. Throughout the movie I found one particular quote that stood out to me apart from the rest. It came from the words of Jared Fogle, the man off of the Subway commercials, commenting to a obese family that The worlds not going to change. You have to change. All in all, I think that this experiment was not valid. However, the effects resulting from Spurlocks experiment were too good to be true. Supersize Me† showed me very interesting things about eating at McDonalds. For example, it helped me realize that eating at McDonalds is a consumers choice. The meals provide a quick, easy, and cheap way to fill a persons stomach which definitely attracts many customers to eat at a restaurant. There is without a doubt that fast food comes at a costly sacrifice and being absurdly unhealthy. People, if they realized the facts of what they were eating you cant blame them for wanting a crack at the fast food industry of what it has done to their body. However the catch is, its your own choice to purchase the food they are selling. If people are really worried about their health, then they should take the measures of looking up exactly what it is they are consuming. Within months after the films release McDonalds excluded the Supersizing option. Nutrition information was printed right on food packages, and thousands of people may have started thinking twice before considering McDonalds for a meal. In this case of the documentary, â€Å"Supersize Me† was a hit success.

Biological Basis of Learning, Memory and Motivation

Biological Basis of Learning, Memory and Motivation Human beings are animal. In this world there are lots of animals but human have some special qualities that are why we are the most complex social structure on earth. We live in society there are included family, tribes, clans, nations. We have an incredibly sophisticated method of interacting speech. We can communicate over time and distance through printing and broadcasting. We have longest memories. We have an interaction which is most intricate; we have perception which is show the world simultaneously the broadest and most detailed. The combination of our biology and society is making as what we are and what we do. Any kind of responses are stimuli by our biology guides, which is based on thousands of generations of ancestors surviving because of their responses. On the other hand, our social structures dictate restriction on and alterations in how we carry out our biological responses. As a human being not only I and also all of us have some basic biological work done such as- learning, memory, motivation, emotion, perception, etc. Those biological works helps us to live perfectly in our society. That’s why it’s very much important to know how biological organs are control our major skills, movement and behavior. In this assignment I discuss the major parts of biological basis of our learning, memory and motivation which is contributes our behaviors. Biological Basis of Learning:- We know that learning is a process of relatively permanent changes in behavior brought about by experience. Its means that any type of behavior can changes by using learning. Learning is a long term process. All learning process are not show instantly, sometimes it shows long time later. But learning process can run from birth to death. All biological activities are run by the command of brain which is the basic part of our body. In the brain there are some specific parts of specific organs those are drive our basis activities. Learning process is the same activate which is control by brain. Brain has three major organization those are – fore brain, mid brain, hind brain. In fore brain there is an important part is cerebrum which is valuable organ in our body. Cerebrum has some fixed function such as:- Sensory area: it’s control somato sensory area, visual area, auditory area those are very important for learning process. Because learning are related this three parts. If one part are not support properly then learning process are back. Visual area is located back side of this area. Auditory area is located lower side of cerebrum. Most valuable part of this area is visual and auditory because learning is more depend these two parts. Association area: association is a very important works for cerebrum that is association other complex work. This area are control our learning, thoughts, memory, etc. Learning related area: this area contact the stimulus-stimulus association and stimulus-reactions associations for the brain cover. Others creative work has done this area such as inventive learning, thoughts, work, abstract imagine etc have done this part. Thalamus: the part of the brain located in the middle of the central core that acts primarily to relay information about the senses. Especially the eye, ear and skin collected information and carry to brain who distribute those different parts of the body. That’s why learning process are damage if thalamus has damages. Mid Brain: it has tactum who involved our auditory and sensory process. In those processes are important for our learning system. Cerebellum: it is found just above the medulla and behind the Pons. It is control our bodily balances. So that if this system are flailed then our speech, writing process are hampered. All thought our learning process are also hampered. Limbic system: This system is also included our learning. Neurotransmitters: this is most important part of learning because it conveys messages across the synapse to the dendrite (sometimes the cell body) of a receiver neuron. So that if it works will fail then the process of learning will also fail. Biological Basis of Memory:- We know that memory is the process by which we encode, store and retrieve information. This process can explain imagine the keyboard of a computer is a encoding (initial recording of information), then the cpu of computer is a storage (information saved for future use) and the monitor of computer is the retrieval (recovery of stored information). Usually memory can explain this short way memory = learning – forgetting. So we say that memory is also run by our biological basis help. Brain is the main tool which provides information. In brain there is a fixed part of memory. Now I describe those:- Hippocampus: This part helps to storage any information in brain. That’s why it is closely involved to memory. If this part may be destroy then the memory is also destroy. Amygdale: It’s a part of limbic system, also plays a role in memory. The amygdale especially involved with memories involving emotion. Frontal lobe: This area is included motor area and Boca’s area which is involved to storage memory. Temporal lobe: This area is involved primary auditory area, wernicke’s area, auditory association area which is strongly related to memory. Occipital lobe: This area is involved are visual area and visual association area. We know that anything cans easily memories when we see it. So this part is an important to memory. Sensory area: This area is overall related the memory process. Association area: One of the major regions of the cerebral cortex. This side is produce higher mental process such as thought, language, memory and speech. Biological Basis of Motivation:- Motivation the factors that and energize the behavior of humans and other organizations. Motivation is also internal state or condition to our thoughts, feelings and actions. Basically motivation can crate many regions such as food, money, living good, social standers and etc. But when a human suffer a motive that time his/her body create some biological activities that’s why they needs motivation. So the reasons for biological basis of motivation are- Hypothalamus: This is a small part of brain which is strongly involved to motivation. Amygdale: This is also change the level of motivation. If it can be surgery then the behavior can changes. Frontal lobe: This is also involved motivation of human behavior. Limbic system: Memory is also control by limbic system. It is situated under the cerebral cortex . Temporal lobe: Temporal lobe is also involved to control motivation. All the dictation of those three basic part of human behavior on the basis of biologically it clearly come that any kind of behaviors are fully depends of our internal process which is called biological process. So it is very important to know the main function of our biological organs. The learning, motivation and memory are our basic demand so it is necessary to know which organs is participation on those processes. If we have a rich knowledge about those processes then we can develop our self. References: Feldman Understanding Psychology 8th edition; McGraw-Hill. Psychology – Abu Bokar Siddeky 9th edition; Sahitokos, Dhaka. Psychology An Introduction – Lahey 9th edition Submitted by: Mir Sara Mehzabeen Ahmed; SL- 16; DECP-4 . Biological Basis of Learning, Memory and Motivation Biological Basis of Learning, Memory and Motivation Azharul Islam Introduction Psychologists have to gather specialized knowledge in considering the ways in which the biological structure and functions of the body affect behaviour. The biological processes are the essential part of human psychology. Our understanding of human behaviour cannot be complete without knowledge of the brain and others part of the nervous system. Biological factors are centrals to every sensory experience, states of consciousness, motivation and emotion, development through out the life span and physical and psychological health and wellbeing. Executive summary Biological bases influence the learning, memory, and motivation. The biological factors is very important because it is controlling our behaviour .We might not be able to understand behaviour without an understanding of our biological makeup. Objectives of the study: Basically this study aims to 1. Collect information on the situation of biological factors of our behaviour. 2. Explore ways how to improve the behavior. 3. The function of the neuron is fundamental biological aspects of the body. Findings Biological basis of learning Learning can be defined as a relatively permanent change in behaviour based on experience. Learning is the aspect of new things by using past experience. Many psychologists believe learning is based on the strengthening of the neural connections between stimuli and specific patterns of muscle movements, while others said that learning involvoves changes in cognition. The existence of biological constraints is consistent with assess mental discussion of behavior. Freshly there are making suitable by alternative benefits that promote survival for organism that rapidly learn or neglecte that certain behaviors. Such as, our ability to learning avoid touching hot surfaces increase our change in survival (barkow, and tooby 1992; terry, 2003). Neuclei areas are group of neurons forming structures with specific function. For example each of the different colour on our brain model represent and individual areas each with it own internal structure and function (Jeanette, J Norden Venderbilt university school and medicine). Telencephalon; consists of two cerebral hemispheres the outer covering of the hemespheres is called the cortex. The cortex is responsible for voluntary action or thought and for subjective experience. Mesencephalon; contain many small nuclei that are important to relexs, such as reflexs turning of the eyes toward the source of an objects or sound. Metencephalon: A structure that connect the cerebellum with the rest of the body and cerebellum that involved in learned skilled motor movement. The role of biological factors of learning has an example that discussed john and his associates. On one fateful evening, they ate eight hot dog. Two hour leter, they become more than just a little nauseated. As a result, it was many year until they ate another hot dog. This experience of learning to dislike hot dogs is an example of a learned taste aversion. (Garcia, Hankins and Rusiniak, 1974) Biological basis of memory Memory consists in remembering what has previously been learned .It would be better, however, to say that memory consists in learning, retaining and remembering what has previously been learned (psychology; Methuen and co. Ltd; London; 1964. Memory processes are distributed across the brain, relating to different information processing systems involve during the intitle exprosure to a stimulus. (Friedman and Donoghue 2000). A theory stated by Canadian researchar Donald Hebb (1949) is still considerd to provide a general model of the biological process responsible for memory (Jeffrey and Reid, 1997; Tsien, 2007). According to Hebb, each experience activates a unique pattern of neurons in the brain. This activities cause structural changes to occur in those neurons near the synaptic gaps that link them. To Hebb, these changes in the functioning of synapses in the brain, which he termed †synaptic facilition†, is the biological basis of memory. Many different brain areas play a role in memory. The cerebellum plays critical role in the timing execution of learned, skilled motor movement. Nuclei deep in the hemisphere called the basal ganglia are involves in motor programs. Many different areas of the brain contributes to attention, these include cortical areas of the reticular formation, all areas which contributes to alertness attention awareness. The hippocampus is a part of the brain limbic systems that plays a centrals role in the consolidation of memories.The hippocampus is an older cortical areas involve in multiple aspects of memory. The left hippocampus is more involve in the memory facts, epesodes and words. It is also responsibility for constructing. The right hippocampus is more involve in spatial memory.The hippocampus aims in the initial encoding of information that like akind of neurological e- mail system.(smith, 2000, wheeler, Petersen, and buckner 2000, Wilson; 2000). The results of research on the brains role in memory reveal two ways in which STM (short term memory) and LTM (long term memory). Firstly there is extensive evidence that physical changes in neural synapses are involved in LTM and but not in STM. And secondly there is evidence that different brain structures are involves in different ways in the three stage of memory. Biological basis of motivation Motivation:-motivation refers to the reasons why any behaviour occurs or specifically, to the forces or processes that initiate the behaviour, direct it , and contribute to its strength.(psychology , wadsworth publishing company; 1984; Eating behaviour is subject to homeostasis, as most people’s weight stays within a relatively stable range. The hypothalamus in the brain is central to the regulation of food intake. Acting as a kind of internal weight thermostat, the hypothalamus calls for either greater or less food intake (Capaldi, 1996; woods et al, 2000; Berthoud, 2000). Thirst is the biological process as like as drinking circuits .Drinking circuits is the association of tissue, body, and neuron with in nerve and cellus.It is associate with the hypothalamus deeply as like the other drinking circuits. (Thompson et. Al; 1980). Sex is the powerful biological motivation. The sex motivations easily understand the influence of sex hormone. It is related with the increase of age. Sex hornmone influence the body to create akind of presser for sex activies. This presser to be continued that time the sex activites is not complete. (Morgan, king. Weisz and schopler, 1993). Most of the motivation are based on the body’s need to maintain a certain level of essential elements; adequate sugar in the blood in the nourish cell , enough water in the body. This levels are regulated to homeostatic mechanism. These mechanism imbalance in the body and stimulate action that restore the proper balance. References Psychology; Methuen and co. Ltd; London; 1964 Friedman and Donoghue 2000). Smith, 2000, wheeler, Petersen, and buckner 2000, Wilson; 2000). Psychology , wadsworth publishing company; 1984; Capaldi, 1996; woods et al, 2000; Berthoud, 2000). Thompson et. Al;1980). Morgan, king. Weisz and schopler, 1993. Barkow, and Tooby 1992; terry, 2003. Garcia, Hankins and Rusiniak, 1974).

Symbols and Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter Essay -- Scarlet Letter es

Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne is generally considered to be the first American symbolic novel. A symbol is something which is used to represent something broader in meaning. The most obvious symbol in the novel is the actual scarlet "A" which both the criticism and I agree upon. This "A" is the literal symbol of the sin of adultery. The letter A then appears in many different forms throughout the novel. The gold-embroidered A on Hester Prynne's fascinates Pearl Prynne. It is magnified in the armor breast plate at Governor Bellingham's mansion which is so extreme that it seems to hide and cover Hester. On the night of Arthur Dimmesdale vigil, he sees a red A in the sky. And finally, the letter is revealed on Dimmsdale's chest in front of the whole village. The A also takes on many meanings. It has the original meaning as well as different meanings to various characters. To Hester, the A means humiliation. The A to Dimmesdale is a reminder of his own contrition. To Pearl, the A is peculiarity and Roger Chillingworth sees the A as a journey for retaliation. Other then adultery, the A can also stand for "Angel" and "Able". Angel, for it appears in the sky after Governor Winthrop's death. Able, for Hester has won the respect of the Puritans even if she has sinned terribly. Hawthorne uses the prison building to describe crime and punishment in contrast with the tombstone at the end of ... ...t price is Hester's reputation and her standing in the community. Pearl is also a self-contained symbol. The result of her parent's sin is shown in her often imprudent comments and unbridled behavior. Each character in the novel suffers from a sin which they try to crush and bemoan with goodness from their own heart. The Scarlet Letter is a book filled with symbolism. I feel the symbolism helps to relate a situation to a position the reader knows about. The critic which I based this on feels that there is voluminous accounts of symbolism, even too much. I must disagree with this. Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter is an amazingly written book for its time with just the right amount of powerful symbolism.

America Needs the DREAM Act Essay example -- Argumentative, Persuasive

Illegal immigration has been a constant topic of debate in politics. For years now, politicians have tried to create an immigration reform that will encompass all problems dealing with illegal immigration. According to an article in the Economist (2010), there are four major immigration problems that the country is trying to focus on solving; these are: securing of the nation’s borders in order to prevent more illegal immigration, expanding the number of high-skilled foreigners that America allows in and keeps, finding a way to ensure an adequate supply of â€Å"unskilled workers, perhaps through a guest-worker program†; and finding a solution for dealing with the 11 million illegal immigrants currently living in the United States. Till this day no one has been able to find the best solution to the growing problem, altogether. However, within the last decade, people such as Senator Richard Durbin and Representative Howard Berman have introduced a bill called the Develo pment, Relief and Education for Alien Minors (DREAM) Act, into Congress which aims â€Å"to provide legal status and educational opportu ¬nity to those who entered the United States as minor children† (United States conference of Catholic Bishops , 2010). Although this act does not fully solve the broken immigration system, it is one step closer to achieving a solution for the fourth issue previously mentioned. This paper will go on to give a detailed description of the DREAM Act, as well as its history through Congress. This will be followed by the explanation of the opposing views on this issue. Finally, the paper will reference the different laws and regulations that impact this issue as well as court cases that have dealt with the issue of immigrant education. Through t... ...2011, November 10). The Oyez Project at IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law | A Multimedia Archive of the Supreme Court of the United States. Retrieved November 13, 2011, from http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1538 SB1070 - 492R - Senate fact sheet. (2010, January 15). Arizona State Legislature. Retrieved November 13, 2011, from http://www.azleg.gov/legtext/49leg/2r/summary/s.1070pshs.doc.htm The DREAM Act: Creating economic opportunities | Immigration policy center. (2010, November 18). Immigration Policy Center. Retrieved November 10, 2011, from http://immigrationpolicy.org/just-facts/dream-act-supporting-us-economy-creating-opportunities-immigrant-students What is AB 540? AB 540 Handbook. (n.d.). California State University, Long Beach. Retrieved November 11, 2011, from http://www.csulb.edu/president/government-community/ab540/handbook/what.html

Analysing Willfred Owens Dulce Et Decorum Est. Essay -- English Liter

Analysing Willfred Owen's Dulce Et Decorum Est. ‘Dulce ET Decorum Est’ is an anti-war poem, which emphasizes the intensity of war. The meaning of the ironic title roughly translated into ‘it is good and honourable’ but is not fully established until you examine the poem. The full title ‘Dulce ET Decorum Est Pro Patria Mori’ means ‘it is good and honourable to die for your country’. However the main aspect of this poem is paradoxical to its title. This demonstrates the message Wilfred Owen’s is insinuating and his attitude towards war. The poem is regarding Wilfred Owen and his troop of exhausted soldiers making their way back to base after combat at the front line until a gas shell is fired at them. A soldier is fatally gassed, is put in an ambulance dying slowly and then eaten away from the inside. Owen describes a man being engulfed by gas, â€Å"Dim through the misty panes and thick green light, Under a green sea I saw him drowning.† The death and distress is shown and the harsh actuality of war uncovered. It is almost as though you are reliving the agony the man is suffering. The reader is nowhere near as unfortunate as Wilfred. He was repeatedly tortured by his experiences even after having to encounter them. â€Å"In all my dreams before my helpless sight, He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning.† It is an inescapable memory that haunts him even when he attempts to sleep, on constant replay in his treacherous mind. His feeling of helplessness from that moment were captured and frozen, regret for not helping covered with hope, the possibility that he was unable to do anything useful anyway. A sense of regret, disbelief and anger are reused in other anti-war poems that Wilfred Owen ha... ... aid the pain once and still endured. Owen has created a way that transports the reader back to the scene of the poem. Using the effectiveness of the senses. He describes the sounds, the smells and the sights around to give the feeling that you witnessing the happenings expressed. My final contemplations to conclude this analysis are not in despair but queries, whether it is rhetorical or not I am not completely sure. The thing that concerns me is how the government send men off to fight war when under the misapprehension that they are fighting for their country? Do they have no conscious, no guilt in sending the doomed youth off to their inevitable deaths? The decisions they make obviously have repercussions as do all decisions, but to knowingly condemn so many innocent people to physical and mental torture then death, to me is worse murder, is it not?

‘A PhD in the field of Pharmaceutical Sciences’ †Statement of Purpose Essay

Statement of Purpose I am determined to pursue a PhD in the field of Pharmaceutical Sciences with an emphasis on formulation and development of new drug entities. During pharmaceutics lab sessions in my second year as an undergraduate, I was engaged in making different drug formulations (Pharmaceutics). It was here I began to wonder how these dosage forms were being formulated to achieve optimum therapeutic response which led me to the goal of pharmaceutical technology. During my B.pharm in Pune University, my appetite for pharmaceutics led me to pursue a master’s in pharmaceutics. I worked hard, studying various Novel drug delivery systems such as Micro-particulate systems, chrono-modulated drug delivery systems, various polymeric dosage forms, etc. Not to negate this hard work, I couldn’t be more proud of what I accomplished in my research on the â€Å"Development and evaluation of Floating microspheres of Pioglitazone hydrochloride† and developed new dosage form for the delivery of the anti-diabetic drug. As compared to conventional dosage form (tablet) of Pioglitazone hydrochloride, this new dosage form prolongs the delivery of drug and retains it for nearly 12 hours in the stomach region, where maximum release of the drug is possible. My mark on the field has just begun My interests grew as I viewed at close quarters current developments in pharmaceutics, in particular as it relates to formulation and development of drug molecules. It is marvellous to see how a molecule, inefficacious in conventional formulations, can do wonders when used in a Novel Drug Delivery System like ‘Microparticles’. I feel the need to delve more deeply into my Master’s research topic of Microparticles and do more research into areas of Micro/nanotechnology, to study in detail the development of Micro/nanoparticles as carriers to deliver aniticancer agents, genes, vaccines, etc. I have published 2 research papers, 1 other is accepted for publication and another one under revision, which gave me intense experience of the overall procedure for publication from designing experiments 25/8/2013 2:13 PM ‘a PhD in the field of Pharmaceutical Sciences’ – Statement of Purpose http://www.essayforum.com/graduate-essays-4/phd-field-pharmaceutic†¦ Inspiration and enthusiasm well up in me when I am at work; I have gained professional experience by working for about 1year as Trainee chemist (F&D) at Zest Pharma and about 6 months as Chemist (F&D) at Aristo Pharma in India. During this period I become completely familiar with Preformulation studies, Formulation development and standardization of different oral solid dosage forms. Of course now I want to move forward ahead toward a Ph.D. I chose National University of Singapore (NUS) because of the exceptional research projects in the field of Pharmaceutics. I am mostly intrigued by Dr. Chan’s project concerning study of different techniques of microencapsulation and also Dr. Liew’s projects on Granulation and pelletization techniques. I am confident of making an original contribution to the field of Pharmaceutics and also because the facilities at NUS seem to foster a healthy research environment as I could gather from the brochure of your department. Also NUS provides a very thorough and effective foundation for work in the Industrial/Organizational field. I intend to pursue a career in the area of research and development for private industry; therefore NUS’s high placement rate, along with all above qualities, is imperative to me and my career. It is my intention to make a significant contribution to my chosen field and I look forward to our relationship with great eagerness.   Nov 7, 2011, 06:43am #2 any one can please take a look at my SOP and comment on possible changes EF_Susan [Moderator] Nov 10, 2011, 12:25pm #3 My mark on the field has just begun. I feel the need to delve more deeply into my Master’s research topic of Microparticles and to do more research into areas of Micro/nanotechnology, to study in detail the development of Micro/nanoparticles as carriers to deliver aniticancer agents, genes, vaccines, etc. I have published 2 research papers, and one other is accepted for publication and another†¦ I have taught lectures & have taken practicals of Physical Pharmacy (Pharmaceutics-II) of second year under-graduate students. Of course n Now I want to move forward ahead toward a Ph.D. Looks like they’ll be very lucky to have you as a student!   Similar discussions: PhD in Pharmaceutical Sciences (Rejected for the last time when applied) Reasons for applying Master of Science (MSc) programme in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Dynamic research group of UF; University of Florida/ PhD(Pharmaceutical Sciences)-SOP   Thesis statement for my sop (field of lifesciences/clinical sciences) – Need ideas! Research on Jacalin plant; Study Objective for Fulbright – Pharmaceutical Sciences Statement of Purpose for a major in Fluid/Thermal Sciences (MS Mechanical) Statement of Purpose for Graduate School in Bioarchaeology field in the UK Statement of Purpose for Chemical engineering in smart polymer’s field (the field of Oncology) Statement of Purpose Masters in Physician Assistant â€Å"The burgeoning field of Computer Science† – my Statement of Purpose Random: Obeying to the demands of Mrs. Sanderson; Significant Experience/ UC This thread has been closed. 25/8/2013 2:13 PM ‘a PhD in the field of Pharmaceutical Sciences’ – Statement of Purpose 4 of 4 http://www.essayforum.com/graduate-essays-4/phd-field-pharmaceutic†¦ 25/8/2013 2:13 PM

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Essay

The experiment focuses on finding out what kind of activating effects that four different substituents will have on an aromatic benzene ring. The substituents being tested are aniline, anisole, acetamide (acetanilide), and phenol. All four of these groups are either para or ortho activating. Bromination is the reaction that will be carried out. The melting point ranges of the final products will be taken in order to determine their identities and reactivity. It is predicted that substitution order from most to least reactive should be aniline, phenol, anisole, and acetamide. Theory: Regioselectivity and the rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution are affected by the substituents attached to the original benzene. In electrophilic aromatic substitution, (EAS for short), the rate determining step is the first step of the reaction. This experiment deals with activating substituents that increase the rate of reaction. In the first rate determining step, the electron density rich pi bonds of benzene react with the electrophile (Bromine) to form a resonance stabilized carbocation. This step is the most important factor that decides which substituents make benzene react faster. This is because the rate of the reaction can be determined through the stability of the carbocation transition state hybrid, which is also known as resonance effect and the Hammond Postulate. In other words, if a carbocation intermediate is more stable, there is less energy needed in the transition state to form the carbocation. Less energy needed translates to a faster reaction. All in all, substituents that increase the electron density on the ring contribute by making the benzene ring more nucleophilic through increased electron density. The increased electron density around the ring would help to stabilize the positively charged carbocation intermediate. This means that this intermediate is more likely to form. Electron donating substituents would activate the ring towards EAS, which means the overall rate would be faster compared to benzene. The aniline group forms the most stable carbocation because it has the same resonance effects as the other groups but because nitrogen is less electronegative than oxygen, its inductive effects are weaker. Therefore aniline should react the fastest. Acetamide would be last in terms of  reactivity because it has the weakest resonance effects compared to inductive effects, in other words it is the weakest electron donating group. The order of reactivity from strongest activator to least should be aniline, phenol, anisole, and acetamide. It is also predicted that all of the groups should react towards a polyhalogenated product except for acetamide. Specifically, they should all be tri-substituted except for acetamide. Steric hindrance also plays a factor in preventing Br from being added to the ortho positions, so it should be expected that the acetamide product should only have a substituent added to the para position. Results: Compound/Group Melting Point Range (⠁ °C) Product acetamide (Johnson/Leo) 164.2-168.8 4-bromoacetamide aniline (Iris/Jenelle) 120-130.4 2,4,6-tribromoaniline phenol (Jack/Kyle) 90-93 2,4,6-tribromophenol anisole (N/A) 40-43 and 55.3-73.7 2,4-dibromoanisole Anisole product did not recrystallize so data is taken from another lab’s. Crude mass product of acetamide: 0.235g Recrystallized product mass of acetamide: 0.087g Theoretical yield: 0.0625g Percent yield: 139% Discussion: Aniline and phenol both formed a tri-substituted product in two ortho and one para positions according to their respective melting point ranges. This  confirms expectations that these two substituents are the strongest activators. This is because the NH2 and OH groups are very electronegative and reactive which allows their carbocation resonance structures to be stabilized. Even though both aniline and phenol had the same amount of polybromination, we know that since nitrogen is less electronegative than oxygen, aniline has less inductive effects. In turn, it means that aniline would have more electron density which make makes it more reactive to electrophiles. Although the anisole did not form a product, retrieved data suggests that the product is is actually disubstituted this contradicts the prediction that it would be trisubstituted also it is not surprising because anisole has an extra carbon attached to the oxygen which could weaken resonance effects. Lastly, the melting point ranges for the acetamide product suggest that it formed 4-bromoacetamide. Based on the data gathered, the ranking in order of increasing activity would be aniline, phenol, anisole, and acetamide. This matches up with initial predictions. These results make sense because anisole and acetamide have resonance structures where the electron density is moved outside of the ring so it cannot activate the benzene ring as well as the other two. With regards to the efficiency of the reaction, three of the reactions appeared to be efficient. Aniline, phenol, and acetamide all reacted efficiently. This is observed through their products which displayed conclusive melting point ranges that confirmed their predictions. Although 10% bromine solution was used these reactions carried to completion and their yields were decent. Conclusion: Aniline and Phenol both yield trisubstituted products of 2,4,6-bromoaniline and 2,4,6-bromophenol according to the melting point ranges obtained. This supports predictions that these amine and hydroxyl groups would be the strongest activating groups of benzene. Anisole yielded a disubstituted product which suggests that it is a more moderate activator when compared to aniline and phenol. Acetamide, which has the bulkiest substituent, yield a monosubstituted product which suggests that it is the weakest activator of the four. These results match up with ranking predictions but differ with substituent predictions. It was predicted that anisole’s activating strength would be on par with that of phenol and aniline when results indicate that it is actually considerably weaker. Sources of Error: After recrystallzation and weighing out the final product identified as 4-bromoacetamide. It was observed that the actual yield was higher than the theoretical yield. This could have been due to impurities in our final product.

Spectroscopic Determination of Iron with Phenanthroline

Experiment A Spectroscopic determination of Iron with Phenanthroline Unknown # 2 Mass of Mohr’s Salt: 0. 2040 1. 5mL of 6M acetic acid was measured and transferred into a 100mL volumetric flask with a pipette and diluted to the mark. Concentration= [0. 2040(Â ±0. 0001)g/100(Â ±0. 08)mL]*[(1mol/392. 16g)/(1L/1000mL)] = 0. 005202(Â ±0. 09382%) = 0. 005202(Â ±0. 000005)mol/L 2. 10mL of the above stock solution was transferred to a 250 mL volumetric flask and diluted to the mark. Concentration= [0. 005202(Â ±0. 9382%)mol/L]*[10(Â ±0. 02)mL/250(Â ±0. 12mL)] = 0. 00020808(Â ±0. 22607%) = 0. 00020808(Â ±0. 0000005)mol/L 3. Standard error of burette is 0. 02mL in every reading. Solution| Desired Volume| Absorption 1| Absorption 2| Average Absorption| Standard 1| 30| 0. 662| 0. 664| 0. 662| Standard 2| 25| 0. 544| 0. 546| 0. 545| Standard 3| 20| 0. 43| 0. 434| 0. 432| Standard 4| 15| 0. 317| 0. 309| 0. 313| Standard 5| 10| 0. 222| 0. 217| 0. 2195| Standard 6| 5| 0. 113| 0. 112 | 0. 1125| Unknown 1| | | | 0. 096| Unknown 2| | | | | 4.Sample standard concentration calculation with standard 1, Concentration= [30(Â ±0. 02)mL/100(Â ±0. 08)mL]*[0. 00020808(Â ±0. 0000005)mol/L] = 0. 000062424(Â ±0. 2807%) = 0. 000062424(Â ±0. 0000002) 5. From the Calibration curve of Absorbance Vs Concentration, we know the equation of the graph is : y = 10553. 63(Â ±190. 5558)x – 0. 00363(Â ±0. 007721) Where, y is the absorbance and x is the concentration. We know the absorbance of the unknown is 0. 096. Therefore, 0. 096 = 10553. 63(Â ±190. 5558)x – 0. 00363(Â ±0. 007721) x= [0. 096+0. 00363(Â ±0. 07721)]/ [10553. 63(Â ±190. 5558)] = 0. 00000944(Â ±7. 957%) = 0. 0000094(Â ±0. 0000008) 6. Standard Concentrations| Uncertainties| Average Absorbencies| 0. 000062424| 0. 0000002| 0. 662| 0. 00005202| 0. 00000013| 0. 545| 0. 000041616| 0. 000000108| 0. 432| 0. 000031212| 0. 00000007| 0. 313| 0. 000020808| 0. 00000006| 0. 2195| 0. 000010404| 0. 00000005| 0. 1125| SUMMARY OUTPUT| Column1| Regression Statistics| Multiple R| 0. 999348603| R Square| 0. 99869763| Adjusted R Square| 0. 998372037| Standard Error| 0. 008293572| Observations| 6|ANOVA| Column1| Column2| Column3| Column4| Column5| | df| SS| MS| F| Significance F| Regression| 1| 0. 2109807| 0. 2109807| 3067. 32299| 6. 3634E-07| Residual| 4| 0. 000275133| 6. 8783E-05| | | Total| 5| 0. 211255833| | | | Column1| Coefficients| Standard Error| t Stat| P-value| Lower 95%| Upper 95%| Lower 95. 0%| Upper 95. 0%| Intercept| -0. 003633333| 0. 007720895| -0. 4705845| 0. 66245106| -0. 025069975| 0. 017803308| -0. 025069975| 0. 017803308| X Variable 1| 10553. 63322| 190. 5558304| 55. 3834181| 6. 3634E-07| 10024. 56542| 11082. 0102| 10024. 56542| 11082. 70102| 7. Isobestic point is a specific wavelength at which two chemical species have the same molar absorptivity. A pair of substances can have several isobestic points in their spectra. In a 1-to-1 chemical reaction that involves a pair of sub stances with an isobestic point, as long as the sum of the concentrations of the two molecular entities in the solution is held constant there will be no change in absorbance at this wavelength as the ratio of the concentrations of the two entities are varied.This is because the two substances absorb light of that specific wavelength to the same extent. We do not observe any isobestic point in this experiment because we did not scan through the entire spectrum but rather chose a wavelength at which the species have different molar absorptivity. Besides, if we were working with an isobestic point, we would not be able to obtain changes in absorption with changing ratios of concentrations. 8. Transmittance is the ratio of the radiation falling upon a material, to the radiation transmitted through a material.Absorbance is negative logarithm of transmittance. Molar absorptivity is a measurement of how strongly a chemical species absorbs light at a given wavelength. From Beer’s la w we know that, A=? bc. Therefore the absorbance is proportional to the concentration. 9. A solution of Fe34- would show a violet-blue color at an absorbance maximum of 562. And if the absorbance maximum were 414, a green-yellow color would be observed. The spectra for absorbance maximum 562 are sketched in the following: The spectra for absorbance maximum 414 are sketched in the following: 10.There could be instrument related sources of error. Stray light could be a problem since the detector responds to all the light that reaches it. In liquids, the extinction coefficient usually changes slowly with wavelength, which could add to the possible errors. There could be errors from the measurement uncertainty of the results. There could also be errors while preparations of the standards, due to presence of impurities in the apparatus which may lead to discrepancy in the calculation of the concentration. 11. Van De Water, Leon G. A; Jaap A. Bergwerff, T.Alexander Nijhuis. UV-Vis Microsp ectroscopy: Probing the Initial Stages of Supported Metal Oxide Catalyst Preparation. J. Am. Chem Soc. 2005, 127(14), pp 5-24-2025. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO host. University of Minnesota Lib. Twin Cities. Minneapolis. MN. 05/02/12. In this article UV-Vis microscopy is used to monitor macro distribution and speciation of the catalyst precursor species. Through this experiment more detailed information on the structure-function correlation of the catalytic material is obtained. Koeppet, Benjamin; Tolstoy, Peter M; Limbach, Hans-Heinrich.Reaction Pathways of Proton Transfer in Hydrogen-Bonded Phenol Carboxylate Complexes Explored by Combined UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopy. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 113(20), pp7897-7908. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO host. University of Minnesota Lib. Twin Cities. Minneapolis. MN. 05/02/12. In this article better insight about the tautomeric states of the H bonded anions, and the solvent configurations were obtained from UV-vis time scale. The UV-vis absorptions were broadened inhomogeneously because of distribution of the H-bond geometries from the different solvents.

A famous chemist †antoine lavoisier

To summarize Antoine Lavoisier’s contributions to modern chemistry in one sentence could most probably be â€Å"Lavoisier revolutionized chemistry with the balance†.It was him who, by systematic and intelligent usage of good balances, introduced chemistry as an exact science that from now on could turn from its mystic alchemical past to the well defined and modern approach we know today [1].Lavoisier was born in 1743 in Paris and during his lifetime could sample events like the beginning of industrial production of sulphuric acid (1747), the construction of the first lightning conductor by Benjamin Franklin (1752), the invention of cement and the birth of Mozart (both in 1756) or the American declaration of independence (1776) [2].During his entire life his main job was tax collector, however, and he performed his chemical research just in his spare time, where he very disciplined worked in his private chemical laboratory exactly from 6 to 8 am and from 7 to 10 pm each day.His young wife Marie Anne Paulze – who he married in 1771 when she was only 14 years old – helped him selfless and even learned English to enable him to discuss his ideas with the â€Å"great† researchers from the English speaking parts of the world Priestley, Jefferson and Franklin.Unfortunately, Lavoisier got more and more unpopular because of his tax collecting activities and finally was arrested and sentenced to death by Guillotine during the French Revolution [2]. A legend says that, when he was finally killed on May, 8th in 1794, he concluded his life with one last experiment by testing how many times he cold still blink his eyes once his head was cut off his body.Whether true or not, there are reports that he could blink 11 times [3]†¦ However, French mathematician Joseph Lagrange, who was present at Lavoisier’s decapitation commented this tragic event with the famous words â€Å"They only need a second to take his head, but a hundred yea rs might have to pass until a similar head will grow again† [2].Antoine Lavoisier’s contributions to chemistry are numerous and more than valuable. Already with his first published experiments – in 1764 he demonstrated that when he carefully heated gypsum and collected and weighed the released water, that this water was exactly the amount that was previously added to get the right consistence of gypsum – he could found a fundamental chemical principle that is valid until today.

It & Entrepreneurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

It & Entrepreneurship - Essay Example It also provides the facility of connecting to people located anywhere in the globe with minimum cost (Bertucci & Alberti, n.d.). However, it has been viewed that with the growing competition and globalisation, large business houses are implementing strategies that not only aid them in making a business process more effective but also enable them to decrease various operational cost by a considerable extent. In this regard, intranet is considered to be one of the most common forms of computer network that is observed to be applied in many organisations to make the entire working process more efficient. It is a form of computer network that implements Internet Protocol (IP) technology to spread data, operating systems or computing systems within an organisation. In general, Intranet is a process through which all the computers within a defined area are connected using networking technologies in order to facilitate a smooth flow of communication amid individuals or group of individuals within an organisation (SlideShare Inc., 2011). The main objective of this study is to evaluate the basic notion of intranet along with its key features. Additionally, the study would also provide a few of the best features that can be built into an organisation’s intranet that would help the entire set of employees to learn and mutually inspire each other to work better. Discussion Employees within an organisation are considered to be one of the most valuable assets as they are responsible for conducting activities that would aid the organisation to achieve its pre-set goals and objectives. However, in many aspects, it has been viewed that improper construction of the organisation’s intranet at times fails in motivating to learn and inspire employees within the workplace (Weidenhammer Systems Corporation, 2013). A few of the facets that results in establishing such aspects within an organisation are stated hereunder: Problems Relating to Intranet Organisations At Tim es Ignore End Users: It has often been viewed that organisations often put business needs in-front of end user needs. However, it can be proclaimed that end-users do not see value in portals that directly do not help them in completing the assigned tasks lucidly (Prescient Digital Media Ltd., 2013). Change in the Working Process: With the growing literacy rate around the globe, it has been observed that individuals who have just come out of colleges or universities are being recruited as they are viewed to be more active and equipped with modern organisational needs. However, it has been determined that this group of individuals are most active and work in the process they think is the best suited for the completion of the assigned tasks (Prescient Digital Media Ltd., 2013). Organisations Underestimate the Cost and Complexity of Redevelopment of the Portal: It is predicted that the aspect of rapid change in the technological aspect would continue forever. Thus, organisations often a re not able to update the intranet in accordance with the recent developments made for high cost which results in ultimately stopping the working process (Prescient Digital Media Ltd., 2013). Intranet At times Lack Fresh and Relevant Contents: Creating content or updating the intranet within an organisation is very essential as things go on changing rapidly. However, it has often been viewed that the network lacks proper updating of data that would aid employees to complete their tasks efficiently. This ultimately results in demotivating the individuals to learn or

Corporate Information Strategy and Management Essay

Corporate Information Strategy and Management - Essay Example The scenario in the world of business is changing every now and then with new entrants in the market making sincere attempts to make it to the top. Any organization either to survive or compete in the industry needs to re-formulate its strategy keeping in view the market condition and rivals. According to Grant (Bowman, E.H and Helfat, C.E., 2001) business strategy deals with the ways in which a single business firm or an individual business unit of a larger firm competes within a particular industry market whereas corporate strategy deals with the ways in which a corporation manages a set of business together. Chew E.K. and Gottschalk, P. (2009) states that strategy is about creating a competitively differentiated position to win customers in the marketplace. Yannis and Treacy (1986) mentioned that senior executives, strategic planners and information system managers are nowadays formulating policies to include information technology to achieve competitive advantage in the industry market. The technology offers great array of capabilities at lower costs that has motivated the companies to utilize the technology for better decision making process. Information technology is useful in trying to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of current organization and out maneuver the others in the competition. The components of corporate strategy, which include internal, competitive and business portfolio strategy, are affected by information technology that improves the efficiency of the firm's operation. It has become necessary in today's competitive climate for every business organization to utilize the information technology in its operations to achieve the objectives in scheduled time. Therefore the present study intends to find the importance of information technology as part of corporate strategy and its usefulness to the management and also to evaluate its impact during the turbulent times of recession when most of the companies were going bankrupt and filing for liquidation. Research Question The present study is research on the importance of information technology in corporate organizations and management in taking decisions with regard to achieving the objectives through various literature reviews. It is intended to study the impact of IT strategy in development of company's internal strategy and how it is useful in attaining its goals and objectives. Therefore, a short study will be carried out in one of the organizations to study its corporate information strategy and how it is effective in taking managerial decision making process. Review of literature Arquilla and Borer (2007, p.4) relating information strategy to history mentioned that the first giant leap came with electrical telegraph that allowed information to move at the speed which was unheard at that time. And presently, Information Technology (IT) is referred to as wildcard in business by Applegate et al (2008, p.1), a source of opportunity and uncertainty, of advantage and risk. It is further stated that the evolution of technology, work and workforce over the past 40 years has dramatically influenced the concept of organizations and the industries and IT is not considered as a back office transactions tool, it has become a strategic part of businesses enabling the redefinition of markets and industries and strategies and designs of firm

Nissan or Ford Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nissan or Ford - Essay Example Characteristics of Nissan Nissan cars are known for their good product quality which provides customer’s comfort and entertainment of riding. Nissan utilizes DR (Design Review) methods which help to produce superior quality parts. DR procedure helps Nissan to identify any potential threat of spare parts and devise ways to prevent the risk proactively. It allows quicker and appropriate design assessment. Another strategy that Nissan implemented in their vehicles has been the precision testing. It is a vital part of Nissan’s manufacturing process which helps to maintain high quality product. Nissan has digital technology in their plants which verify the paint condition and examine road testing. The ‘Environmental Testing Chamber’ of Nissan examines the vehicle temperature in extreme road condition. These technologies and processes make Nissan cars thoroughly protected against any problems. To manufacture trouble free parts, Nissan performs inspection at Desig n Diagram phase. Every parts of Nissan car undergo immediate testing and Nissan does not ignore any slightest vibration. Its weatherproof vibrator allows stimulating various temperatures and dealing with road surface situation. Thus, Nissan cars provide higher reliability and safety to consumers (Nissan, n.d.). Safety is one of the major concerns for Nissan Cars. In the year 2011, the Nissan Leaf had gained highest level of rating with regard to safety measures by Euro NCAP. It has passed the crash tests. In term of carbon emission, Nissan has gained five star ranking (Nissan, 2011). Characteristics of Ford Ford generally offers expensive vehicles which are highly capable and flexible. Ford vehicles are made to deliver safety, fuel efficiency and easier to operate features. Ford utilizes ‘Meta One’ technology for manufacturing the vehicle. This technology helps Ford to highlight future safety of ford vehicle (Ford Motor Company, 2011). Comparison of Nissan SUV and Ford SUV In the year 2010, Nissan had introduced Nissan Juke. It combines the nimbleness of sports sedan, handiness of a compact car and strong quality of a SUV. With regard to price, it had attracted wide ranges of consumers. In connection with reliability it had strong handling as well as fuel efficient performance which had made it an eco - friendly vehicle (Nissan, 2010). In order to meet the requirements of a good car it is equipped with 1.6 liter engine, Xtronic CVT along with 6–speed manual shift mode. It can provide the customers both good performance and similar facility such as other vehicle with 2.5 liter engine. Thus, it is proved to be economically feasible vehicle. Besides, the Nissan Juke had 16GT four components blended with torque vectoring engine which can produce massive power. Its MR16DDT engine is designed in such a way that can improve the ignition competence and have a powerful turbocharger. These features help to improve the ingestion and exhaust efficiency . Overall, the invigorating acceleration, swift response, bold design, environmental performance and enhanced fuel efficiency are optimally balanced in such a way that makes the Nissan Juke an affordable and reliable vehicle (Nissan, 2010). On the other hand, Ford Escape is combined with SUV capability with outstanding fuel economy and eco friendly feature. It provides customers a sporty performance and saves maximum fuel. It has 240 Horse Power V6 engines which can provide good mileage. The transmission of Ford is